ABASAVERI MU RWANDA | 11-10-2024 | Kwamamaza |
Soma Birambuye |
Mutagatifu Fransisko Saveri yavukiye i Navare mu gihugu cya Hispaniya ku 7 Mata 1506. Ababyeyi be bari abo mu muryango w'imfura za Hispaniya, aribo Don Jyan de Jassu na Dona Maria.Yari afite abavandimwe batanu abakobwa batatu n’abahungu babiri. Se yari umuhanga mu by’amategeko akaba n’umukuru w’inama nkuru y’umwami. Kubera uwo murimo ukomeye ntiyashoboraga gutaha imuhira buri gihe, bituma Fransisko arerwa na nyina.Mu buto bwe yarangwaga n’ikinyabupfura umurava n’ubwitonzi Nyuma y’intambara yaje kurota hagati y’u Bufaransa na Hispaniya, ibintu bya se wa Fransisko birangirika urugo rwe rutangira gukena. Ubwo Fransisko yari yaratangiye amashuri, icyifuzo cyari ukumenya ubuhanga bwinshi buzamugeza ku byubahiro akazabona Diplomi ituma yigisha muri kaminuza y’i Paris yari ikomeye kuri icyo gihe.
Mu mwaka w’1525 ajya i Paris mu Bufaransa muri kaminuza ahahurira n’abandi banyeshuri, ahabonera inshuti yitwaga Petero Le Fèvre bacumbika hamwe, Petero yashakaga kuzaba umusaserdoti yewe baza no guherwa rimwe impamya bushobozi ihanitse y’ikiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza. Mubo biganaga barimo uwitwaga Inyasi wa Loyola, akaba yari mukuru muri bo afite imyaka mirongo ine, kandi acumbagira. yari yarakomerekeye mu ntambara y’i Pampeline ari umukuru w’abasirikare.
Inyasi yendaga kuzashinga umuryango w’Abapadiri b’abayezuwiti (compagnie de Jésus). Muri icyo gihe, ntiyashoboye kugira icyo yakora kuri Fransisko wasaga n’umwirasi, dore ko no kuba Petero yaremeye ko bacumbika hamwe na Inyasi byababazaga Fransisko.Buhoro buhoro baje kuba inshuti,amwumvisha ko ntacyo bimariye umuntu ,kugira ubukire bw’isi, ariko Roho ye ikazamererwa nabi nyuma.Mu myaka ibiri Inyasi ntiyacogoye kubwira Fransisko ijambo dusanga mu ivanjili ya Mk 8 : 36, nyamara Fransisko yikundiraga ikuzo ry’abantu,ku buryo ibyo Inyasi yamubwiraga byari nko gusuka amazi ku rutare.
Fransisko agize imyaka 27, hari muri 1533 nyuma y’umutongero wa Inyasi wa Loyola, yafashwe n’ikibatsi cy’urukundo rw’Imana yiyemeza nawe kuyiyegurira atizigama, agiye kuba umwe mu ntumwa zikomeye za Kiliziya. Kuva ubwo ahinduka ahindutse, aba mushya kuko Yezu yari amutumyeho. Yezu amutorera gushyikiriza ijambo ry'Imana abatararimenya.
Yahisemo gukurikira Yezu, Umwami we, yiyemeza
kuzakorera Kiliziya n'imbaraga ze zose, kugera gupfa. Ashobora kuvuga nka
Pawulo Mutagatifu ati : ubu sinkiri njyenyine kuko Yezu
andimo. Icyifuzo cye ni icyo kumenyesha Imana abantu bose, mu bihugu
byose. Ingendo ndende ntizamukangaga. Yumvaga bavuze igihugu kitarayoboka
Yezu agahita ajyayo kubamenyesha Kirisitu,
no gufasha rubanda kuba abakirisitu. Ntiyashoboraga kwihanganira ko
abantu babaho mu mwijima batazi Kirisitu, kandi we amuzi ngo arekere aho
atamubamenyesheje. Nibwo yumvise bavuga igihugu cy'Ubushinwa, yigira inama yo
kujyayo kugira ngo na bo bamenye Imana y'ukuri, umubyeyi wabo n'ubutumwa bwa
Yezu Kirisitu.
Hanyuma Inyasi, Petero na Fransisko n’abandi basore bane barema ishyirahamwe ryitwa Abavandimwe rigamije gukora ngo Imana ikuzwe, bakize roho z’imbaga y’Imana ku isi, bemeranwa kwitegura ubusaserdoti nibamara kurangiza amashuri, bakazajya i Yeruzalemu ku mva ya Yezu, kumusaba kubereka inzira nyakuri bazanyuramo, cyangwa bakishyira mu maboko ya Papa akazabohereza aho ashaka hose.
Basezeranira hamwe kwikenesha, kudashaka no
kumvira kuwa 15 Kanama 1535.Muri uwo
mwaka ari Umwami wa Hispaniya ari umwepiskopi wa Pampeline bemerera Fransisko
imyanya ikomeye arayanga kuko icyifuzo
cye cyari ugukorera Imana, kuyimenyesha no kuyikundisha abantu.
Mu Ugushyingo 1536, ishyirahamwe Abavandimwe bakusanyije amafaranga yose bari batunze basigarana aya ngombwa gusa y’urugendo, bagenda n’amaguru bagera i venise mu Busuwisi. kuwa 8 Mutarama 1537, abaturage b’i Venise batangajwe n’ubwiyoroshye bw’abo bahanga ; bavuraga abarwayi indwara ziteye isesemi. Ni muri uwo mwaka Papa Pawulo wa III yabakiriye i Roma, abemerera guhabwa ubusaserdoti.Ubwo bahitamo kwitwa Abayezuwiti, bashaka kwerekana ko Yezu ariwe mutware w’ikirenga.
Fransisko atangira ubwo kwigisha no kwamamaza ijambo ry’Imana.Muri iyo myaka abagenzi bari barakwije amakuru ko hari abantu batuye kure cyane y’Uburayi batarayoboka Imana, Fransisko akabatekereza ashaka kubagezaho inkuru nziza, ariko Inyasi yoherezayo uwitwa Rodriguez na Bobadila kuko yabonaga Fransisko ananiwe. Bobadila araye ari bugende ararwara Inyasi amusimbuza Fransisko, ahaguruka wenyine kuya 7 mata 1541 kuko Rodriguez yari amaze kubuzwa n’umwami wa Portugali kujyayo.
Mu rugendo Fransisko yashoboraga kubona umwanya mwiza ariko arawanga, yanga ndetse n’ibintu bamuhaye kujyana.Agenda yitanga, avura abarwayi akanabagaburira, amesa imyambaro yabo kandi akanigisha, agenda ku mipaka y’Afrika agera Mozambike muri Nzeri 1541 ahamara amezi atandatu, aza kugera ahitwa Malindi, akomeza agana ikirwa cya Socotora ahasanga abakirisitu abakurambere babo bari barabatijwe n’intumwa Tomasi.
Fransisko yakomeje urugendo agera i Goa mu Buhindi kuwa 6 Gicurasi 1542, acumbika mu bitaro,agasoma misa, agasura imfungwa n’ababembe ,yigisha Iyoboka-Mana,yubakisha Kiliziya nto aho buri munsi yigishirizaga abantu ; imbaraga yazikuraga mu isengesho rye.Yaje kumva bavuga abo bita Paravres, abenshi muri bo bari barabatijwe,ariko nta musaserdoti babonaga, ava i Goa arabasanga, akabasura iwabo mu ngo,abana bakamukurikira. Mu Ukuboza 1543 agaruka i Goa asigiye ab’i Paravres umukateshisti kuri buri murenge.
Fransisko yari afite abanzi barimo abapfumu, kuko yagaragaje ibinyoma byabo ; n’abakirisitu babi, nyamara ntiyagize ubwoba yakomeje umurimo we.
Muri Gicurasi 1545 Fransisko yagiye ahitwa San Tomé, acumbikirwa n’umupadiri witwaga Gaspard, aho yasuraga abantu ku manywa, nijoro agasenga akanibabaza. Aza kuva i San Tomé agana i Malacca mu nyanja ya Pasifika arahigisha, ahava ajya i Amboine mu birwa bya Moluques ahasanga ubwoko bwitwa Alfourons,bari barabatijwe ariko nta muntu bafite ubigisha, abo bantu bakajya bamwihisha ariko ntiyacogora,buhoro buhoro baramutinyuka bamutega amatwi bakanamuvugisha,abavugururamo ubuKirisitu, hanyuma akomeza agana i Ternace naho arahigisha,ahava ashimishijwe n’uko abantu baho bakoraga imirimo baririmba ukwemera n’amasengesho Dawe uri mu ijuru na Ndakuramutsa Maria mu rurimi rwabo.Aho yahavuye agana mu birwa bya More bicanaga ndetse bakanarya n’abantu, ndetse i Ternace bari bamubujije kujyayo aranga aragenda,yagezeyo bimuruhije kubera inzira y’amazi kandi agenda yihisha abahotozi.
Fransisko yaje gusubira i Malacca, aza guhura n’uwitwa Yagiro, umuyapani wari warifuje kubona iyo ntumwa, baraganira, Yagiro amubwira ko mu birwa bya Japani hari abantu bazi ubwenge b’abakozi.Fransisko yamubajije niba aramutse agiye i iwabo muri Yapani abapagani bahinduka, Yagiro yamubwiye ko byatinda ariko bagahinduka.Yemera kuzajyayo, ariko yagombaga kubanza gusubira mu Buhindi gusura abakirisitu yahasize.
Muri Mata 1549 nibwo yerekeje Yapani ari kumwe n’abasaserdoti babiri na Yagiro wari warabatijwe yitwa Pawulo w’ukwemera.Yabanje kubonana n’umutware waho amusaba impushya ebyiri : urwa mbere rwari urwo kwigisha Iyobokamana, urwa kabiri rwari urwo kwemerera abantu baho guhinduka bakabatizwa, zose arazibona ; Yagiro atangira kwigisha, Fransisko akabatiza.
Fransisko ariko abapfumu baho ntibamurebye neza, baragatsira, baramuhiga, baramutuka bashaka kumumenesha, ndetse bakamushinja kurya abantu , gusa ntiyacika intege.Yaje kuva i Cagoxima yerekeza i Yamaguchi umwe mu mijyi yari ikomeye muri Yapani.Ubwo yari afite imyambaro yagombaga guha umwami dore ko we yiyambariraga gikene.
Agezeyo ntawamwitayeho, yiyemeza kugera ku
mwami wari utuye ku birometero 400 kuva aho, muri iyo nzira yaratukwaga n’abo
bari kumwe ndetse abana bakabatera amabuye. Bageze i Bwami basanga mu by’ukuri
Umwami asa naho nta butegetsi afite, Fransisko yigira inama yo kwambara
neza yiyerekana nk’intumwa ya Papa kandi
yitwaza n’amaturo yo guha Umwami,ibyo byatumye yakirwa neza aboneraho n’uburyo
bwo kwigisha ndetse n’ikibanza cyo kubakamo Kiliziya.Mu mezi abiri gusa,imbaga
y’abantu yasabye kubatizwa.Fransisko yari yarumvise ko Ubushinwa butuwe
n’abantu benshi ,agira igitekerezo cyo kujya kumenyekanishayo Kirisitu,ubwo
yari amaze no gutorerwa kuba umukuru w’abayezuwiti bari mu karere ka Aziya, asubira
i Goa asize muri Yapani abakirisitu barenze 1500 abashinze umurimo wo kwigisha
abandi.
Agarutse i Goa yihatira gutunganya neza ubuKirisitu bwo mu Buhindi , yitegura kujya mu Bushinwa yari azi neza ko kujyayo bitoroshye, yisunga uwari uhagarariye Portugali kugira ngo ashobore kugera ku mwami amusabe uburenganzira bwo kwigisha.Yafashe urugendo n’Abapadiri akuye muri Yapani n’umusore witwa Antonio wo mu Bushinwa wigaga i Goa,bagera ahitwa San Cian,akarwa gato k’ubutayu,yifuzaga kujya mu mujyi witwaga Canton,ategereza ubwato bw’umucuruzi wari wamwemereye kumutwara araheba, ubwo umunaniro wari wose kuri Fransisko amererwa nabi aba atakibasha kugenda. Kuri ako karwa ka San Cian yaryamye mu kazu k’ubwatsi ari kumwe na Antonio wenyine,ku itariki ya 22 Ugushyingo 1552 ajya kwivuza,afata umusaraba mu ntoki ze ntiyahwema kuwitegereza asaba Imana ngo imwakire.
Ku itariki ya 2 Ukuboza 1552 yitaba Imana afite imyaka 46, ubwo Antonio yitabaza bagenzi be b’Abaportugali bashyingura umurambo wa Fransisko ku nkombe .Antonio yaje gusaba ko umurambo wa Fransisko wajyanwa i Burayi,uratabururwa bakeka ko basanga ari amagufwa gusa, ariko basanga umubiri we ntacyo wabaye bawujyana i Goa aho washyinguwe muri Kliziya nkuru yaho. Inzara, inyota n'umunaniro nibyo byamuhuse. Mu murimo we wa gitumwa yahagiriye ingorane nyinshi, ariko yahoranaga ibyishimo buri gihe. Ibyo byishimo ni byo byateraga abamubonaga bose kumutangarira, kandi nta handi yabikuraga uretse mu rukundo yari afitiye Kirisitu.
Yigeze no kwandikira inshuti ye ati :
"nshobora kukubwira ukuri ko mu
buzima bwanjye bwose ntigeze ngira
ibyishimo by'umutima bigeze aha. Nemera ibyago n'imirimo yanjye yose kubera
Imana. Ndetse nta n'ahandi nigeze ngirira ihirwe ry'umutima nk'aha. Ibyo byose
bituma nibagirwa ibibazo umubiri wanjye uhura nabyo byose".Imana
yamukomeje mu ngorane ze zose : azi ko idatererana uyizera. Yahoraga
yiyumvamo imbaraga z'Imana. Yari umuntu
wuzuyemo icyarushaho kumenyekanisha Imana no gukiza roho z’abantu. Yajyaga
yibuka kandi aya magambo ya Yezu yabwiye intumwa ze ati:"Uko Data
yantumye nanjye ndabatumye, Nimugende mwigishe amahanga yose, muzambere
abahamya. Padiri De KWADRO yavuze ko Kumanywa yiyeguriraga abantu, naho
nijoro akiyegurira Imana wese. Ibyo byatumaga asa na Yezu wirirwaga yigisha
abantu, bwakwira akarara asenga Imana.
Mutagatifu Fransisiko Saveri Imana yari
yaramuhaye impano zidasanzwe. Aha twavuga nko kuba yari afite impano zo kuvuga
indimi atize. Ibi bikaba byaratumye ashobora kwigisha ibihugu birenze 50. Uwo
mutagatifu w'ikirangirire kandi akiriho yakoze ibitangaza bikomeye cyane,
bigeze nko kuri 80, aho agereye mu ijuru arushaho kure.
Fransisiko Saveri yagizwe umuhire ku
itariki ya 25/10/1619, agirwa umutagatifu ku itariki ya 12/03/1622 na Papa Gregori
wa XV, umunsi we tuwizihiza tariki ya 3/12 buri mwaka.
Mu mwaka wa 1904, Papa Piyo wa 10 yamugize umurinzi w'iyogezabutumwa, mu 1927 Piyo wa XI amugira umurinzi w'abantu bose bitangira inkuru nziza mu isi yose (patron de mission). Twebwe Abasaveri rero tumufiteho uruhare rwo kuba umurinzi wacu, ndetse n'izina Abasaveri rikomoka kuri Mutagatifu Fransisiko Saveri.Uwo mutagatifu watangaje isi kubera urukundo rwe natubere urugero mu murimo wacu w’ubutumwa no kuba abahamya b’urukundo Yezu yakunze abana b'Imana.
Fransisko Saveri Mutagatifu, udusabire.